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JavaScript Programmer’s Reference Cross-references: ECMA 262 edition 2 section 7.8 ECMA 262 edition 3 section 7.9 O’Reilly JavaScript Definitive Guide page 28 Wrox Instant JavaScript page 17 Automation object (Object/JScript) An object created in the JScript environment for connecting to other applications within the host environment. Availability: JScript 3.0 Internet Explorer 4.0 IE myAutomation = GetObject(aLocation) IE myAutomation = GetObject(aLocation, anObjectType) IE myAutomation = GetObject(aLocation!aSubObject) JavaScript syntax: IE myAutomation = GetObject (aLocation!aSubObject, anObjectType) anObjectType What sort of application and object class type to be created aLocation A path to the file for the object to be instantiated Argument list: aSubObject A fragment identifier for a sub-object within the file See also: ActiveXObject object, GetObject()

A Automatic semi-colon insertion (Definition) There are cases where the the interpreter will automatically insert semi-colons as needed. You won’t see them in the script source, but the interpreter knows they should be there. You should not rely on the interpreter doing your work for you. For example, semi-colons are never added inside for statement headers. Here are some instances of how the browser deals with automatic semi-colon insertion: . Semi-colons are automatically placed before curly braces (}) that close code blocks if necessary. . A semi-colon is added at the end of a script source text if necessary to parse the source as a complete program. . Semi-colons are added to prevent accidental postfix increment or decrement operations. Postfix ++ or — operators should be on the same line as the operand to which they apply. Actually it is good practice for there to be no whitespace between them. . Semi-colons are added after the return statement when it is the last statement on a line. An expression to be evaluated as part of a return statement should be placed adjacent to it. It is good practice to form the return as if it were a function, enclosing the expression in parentheses: return(expression); . This is unaffected by automatic semi-colon insertion even though it is syntactically incorrect: for (a; b) . This is transformed: returna + b And becomes: return;a + b; However, a + b is not returned as a result because the line terminator separates them from the return statement. . People take a great many liberties with the formatting of if else constructions. This won’t get fixed: if(a > b)else c = d . This won’t get fixed either: a = b + c(d + e).print() It doesn’t get fixed because the parentheses look like a function call. Warnings: . Careful programmers always put semi-colons in. If you come from a C or Java background, this may be instinctive, but otherwise you should develop the habit so that it becomes instinctive. See also: Free-format language, Lexical convention, Line terminator, Semi-colon (;)

JavaScript Programmer’s Reference So far, not much of this capability has found its way into the currently available web browsers. There are many issues that have not yet been addressed with this aspect of style sheets. For example, controlling multi-lingual spoken text and dates may be somewhat problematic. Certainly the locale that the browser is operating in may be used to select a national language variant for the spoken word. Warnings: . This facility is not yet supported by any of the browsers. AuthentiCode (Security related) This is a security model that applies digital signatures to ActiveX objects in MSIE. Warnings: . This technique does not currently support signed scripts in MSIE and only applies to ActiveX objects. See also: Security policy, Signed scripts Automatic semi-colon insertion (Definition) The action of adding semi-colons where they have been omitted. Availability: ECMAScript edition 2 A semi-colon explicitly placed in the source text must terminate certain statements. Your JavaScript interpreter may help by adding some automatically, but this may not work as you expect. As they say, “Your mileage may vary”. Semi-colons are used to explicitly terminate certain keywords so that the parser can determine exactly where the fragment of code begins and ends. The semi-colon removes the ambiguity about how a piece of code is intended to execute. Line terminators greatly affect the automatic semi-colon insertion process. The following statements must have trailing semi-colons: . empty statement . variable statement . expression statement . continue statement . break statement . return statement . throw statement

A ATVEF (Standard) The number of attributes supported by the HTML tag that owns this Attributes object. This is the principle property of an Attributesobject. Most others depend on the object that is represented. See also: Attributes object, Collection.length Property attributes: ReadOnly. ATVEF (Standard) Advanced Television Enhancement Forum. This extract from the ATVEF standard describes in outline the aims and scope of this web and TV convergence project. You should consult the specification for a complete description of how this is to be accomplished. There are several manufacturers already building and deploying these systems on a variety of broadcast mediums. The Advanced Television Enhancement Forum (ATVEF) is a group of people from the broadcast TV and Internet industries who are working to specify a single public standard for delivering interactive television experiences. The intention is that these should be authored once using a variety of tools and deployed to a range of television, set-top, and PC-based receivers. The Enhanced Content Specification defines the fundamental requirements that are necessary to enable creation of HTML-enhanced television content. This goes beyond normal Internet-based delivery to describe how it can be reliably broadcast across any network to any compliant receiver. Because the broadcast requires that there is no bidirectional link, some changes to the delivery protocols are outlined. The ATVEF specification for enhanced television programming uses existing Internet technologies. It describes how to deliver enhanced TV programming over both analog and digital video systems using terrestrial, cable, satellite, and Internet networks. The specification can be used in both one- way broadcast and two-way video systems, and is designed to be compatible with all international standards for both analog and digital video systems. See also: Interpret, Liberate TV Navigator, Microsoft TV, URL, WebTV Web-references: http://atvef.com/library/spec1_1a.html Aural style sheets (Definition) The CSS standard describes style properties for spoken text. The aural style properties allow the control of spoken voice and other sound effects to be assigned to element objects so that as they are displayed, their content may be spoken or read out to the user. This then makes the World Wide Web more accessible to sight-impaired users.

JavaScript Programmer’s Reference displayTableLine(”Number of attributes:”, myAttributesObject.length, “”); for(myEnumerator=0; myEnumerator“); document.write(”“); document.write(aHeading); document.write(”“); document.write(”“); document.write(aFlag); document.write(”“); document.write(”“); document.write(aValue); document.write(”“); document.write(”“); } See also: Property JavaScript JScript N IE Opera DOM Notes length 1.5 + 5.0 + 6.0 + 5.0 + 1 + ReadOnly Attribute object, Attributes.length, Collection object, Element object, Element.attributes[], Element.removeAttribute(), HasProperty(), HTML object, HTML tag attribute Attributes.length (Property) The number of tag attributes supported in this Attributes array. Availability: DOM level 1 JavaScript 1.5 JScript 5.0 Internet Explorer 5.0 Netscape 6.0 Property/method value type: Number primitive JavaScript syntax: -myAttributes.length